What is the purpose of tie beams?

Tie Beam is used for carrying the axial compression. To reduce the effective length of the Column. They prevent the column from buckling. Tie Beams reduce the slenderness ratio.

What is the difference between beam and tie beam?

The main thing that makes these two different is that the plinth beam is constructed at the plinth level and the tie beam is constructed at the elevation or above the plinth level. The construction procedure for these both is same. Both are designed according to the project requirements.

What Is a Tie Beam? | Advantage of Tie Beam | Bar Bending Schedule for Tie Beams | To Withstand Earthquakes, Tie Beam Specification

Q: Advantage of Tie Beam

They prevent highly stressed slender longitudinal columns from buckling outward. They connect column footings or pile clips. They hold longitudinal bars in position while concrete is being placed. They keep the spread footings in their positions during seismic events

Table of Contents

What Is a Tie Beam?

This type of beam is provided between the columns to support the column when the height of the roof or slab of a building is higher than the normal height.

Tie time beams are usually provided at floor level and plinth level. The purpose of the tie beam is to support the wall, which is unable to carry any vertical load.

The purpose of the tiebeam is to reduce the height of the supported column when the height of the floor is higher. The tie beam provides support between the columns by reducing the height of the column.

Two columns supported beams are provided at any height above the level of the structure to make the whole structure more stable and stronger at the base level, which is known as a tie beam.

The tie beam is sometimes connected to two or more footings, which bears all the stress coming due to the column. In typical buildings, a tie beam serves to connect column footings or piles.

“Tie beam,” “grade beam,” “ground beam,” and “plinth beam,” etc. are one type of beam. The tie beam is used to resist the movement of two columns as horizontal in the structure, which is important due to its different location.

A tie beam can be used at any level. If a tie beam is provided at the plinth level, we know it as a plinth beam where it transfers the load coming from the wall of the building into the footing.

The design of the tie beam is subject to the purposes of the building.

Also, Read: What Is the Grade Beam? | The Construction Process of Grade Beam | Advantages & Disadvantagesof Grade Beam

Tie Beam Details

A tie beam provides column stability by connecting two or more columns.

A tie beam is a type of beam, which is designed to connect two footings in a substructure. The shuttering alignment of the tie beam should be accurate.

Advantage of Tie Beam

The tie beam helps the spread footing to maintain its position during external factors such as seismic events, cyclones.
The tie beam carries the axial compression of the walls.
The tie beam acts to support external buckling due to the load on the very stressed longitudinal columns.
Tie beams connect two or more column footings or pile caps.
The tie beam acts as a height breaker member for any column. A tie beam is provided where the height of the floor is higher than the normal height.
In a truss, a tie beam is used to transfer a load of the rafter to the column.
Somewhere a tie beam is used as a grade beam.
Distribution of vertical load by moment and shear load in members in the compromised condition is done by a tie beam.
The tie beam is attached to the strap footings to support the interior or exterior walls.

Also, Read: What is the Plinth Beam? | Application of Plinth Beam | Specification of Plinth Beam | Plinth Protection

Bar Bending Schedule for Tie Beams

The purpose of a bar bending schedule is to determine the amount of reinforcement required according to the design for the building.
As per the bar bending schedule, the main bar and distribution bar, top extra are placed in the tie beam.
The ring in the tie beam is calculated according to the bar bending schedule, which is placed on the site to support the top bar and bottom bar in the beam.
The cutting length corresponding to the lapping zone is given in the tie beam as per the bar bending schedule.
In a tie beam, the main bar connects directly from one footing to another. And has a cutting length of the bar according to its lapping zone.
The cutting length of the stirrups in the tie beam is added to the hook length after subtracting the appropriate cover.
The strips are built a center to center in the tie beam as per the design.

Also, Read: Cantilever Beam | Advantages of a Cantilever Beam | Disadvantage of the Cantilever Beam

Tie Beam Reinforcement

The following points should be considered for reinforcement of the tie beam.
The lapping of the top bar and bottom bar is arranged in such a way that they do not fit in one place.
The top bar and bottom bar are constructed by the staggering lapped joints method.
The top bar and bottom bar in the tie beam should provide proper development length as per the design.
The top bar and bottom bar in the tie beam should provide proper development length as per the design.
The hooks of the strips in the tie beam should be bent at 135 degrees. And the length of this hook should not be less than 10d.
Based on the measurements given in the drawings, the cutting length of the rod is calculated. The bar is cut in such a way that minimum wastage occurs. In the tie beam, the bar should be carefully bent into l shape as required.
After arranging the reinforcement in a tie beam, the bar is tied with binding wire with stirrups. The quality of the winding wire for binding the rod should be as per the ISI code. The minimum length of binding wire to tie the rod should not be less than 200 mm.
Design engineers should be consulted for the true specification and design of the tie beam. The design of the tie beam should conform to the criteria set out in the various codes.

Also, Read: What is Tributary Area? | Tributary Area in Column | How to Calculate Tributary Areas

To Withstand Earthquakes, Tie Beam Specification

It is also important to connect a tie beam between any two columns for earthquake protection.

The hook of the ring in the tie beam should be bent at an angle of 135 degrees. And its length should be 10d. The minimum hook length for 10 mm rods is 10d.

After laying the ties, they should be tied to the top bar and bottom bar with wire (GI wire) with column rods.

For earthquake protection, the tie should be provided at the junction of beams and columns. Providing a number of ties at the junction of beams and columns increases the strength.

Why Are Use Concrete Tie Beam?

In a steel-braced framed structure, the tie beam between the columns is supported on a spread footing.

Axial load on a column is a compressive or stress load so that a tie beam is provided to withstand axial compression.

Reinforced cement concrete (RCC) is used in almost every building construction. Reinforcement is provided as required in the tie beam.

One of the functions of concrete is to provide strength to steel and to withstand compression. The reinforcement is lapped as required in the tie beam.

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